21 October 2014 Researchers and writers typically handle reference notes in one of four ways: as endnotes, footnotes, parenthetical citations, or hypertext. All four of these options are not of equal merit for history researchers ...

15 September 2014 When you use a tax roll from yesteryear, how do you use it? Do you simply search for the individuals of interest and copy their data? Or do you ...

12 October 2014 Every historical speaker knows the problem, we ask for a lectern and we're given a stage. What are we do to? What happened? Etymological confusion, obviously. Understanding the roots of words can help to avoid such problems, so let's look at two that are critical to our oral delivery of research findings.

9 October 2014 Everything has a creator. But what do we do when we have three creators creating three different but connected things and we have to pack them all into one citation?

6 October 2014 Most evidence we use to reconstruct human lives will not clearly identify the individual involved. Our sources may not even carry the name of the person we seek. Each time we do a bit of research, we all hope that diligent clerks will have ...

3 October 2014 Filmed and fiched materials at a library or archive can carry two identification systems: 1) the identification created by the producer; and 2) the cataloging data created by the library. If the ...

30 September 2014 American English and British English differ in many niggling ways—some of which we addressed in our posting "International Quotation Differences," last 23 March. Those differences are even more pronounced when we consider ...

27 September 2014 When citing a vital record (an official registration of birth, marriage, or death), four questions should guide our decision as to how we cite what we are using ...

21 September 2014 Veteran's pensions. Widow's pensions. Surviving children's pensions. Step-children's pensions. All of these have some common denominators and some differences. Here are three handy tips: